An industrial electric motors is a device that converts electrical power into motion. Most such contraptions function by interacting with the motor’s magnetic field and electric current in a wire. It winds to generate force in the form of torque, which is applied to the motor’s shaft.
This blog will focus on the types of motors and their use in industrial machines.
Types of electrical motors
- AC Motor
Most motors in the industry are AC induction motors. They are low in cost and affordable for individuals with a budget. They are efficient and reliable for various uses.
In such appliances, the electricity in the stator winding generates a rotating magnetic field that induces electrical currents in the rotor. This creates a magnetic field that reacts against the stator field. This, in turn, generates rotation in the rotor. Such motors operate at a slightly lower than synchronous speed. This results in no induced rotor current.
Hence, these machines are called asynchronous motors. The rotor rotates slower than the stator’s magnetic field, which rotates. It produces torq in the output shaft.
They act as generators when the rotor rotates faster than the stator’s magnetic field. The current is induced in the latter.
The types of AC motors are discussed below:
- Synchronous motor
The shaft rotation is synchronized with the variable-frequency supply current at a steady state. They are used to improve the power state by going on at a constant speed.
- Induction motor
This type of industrial electric motor is also known as an asynchronous motor. These types of motors use electromagnetic induction from the stator winding’s magnetic field to produce a rotor current. These are mostly found in various domestic electrical goods and in lifting articles.
- Single phase motor
This motor converts electrical energy into mechanical energy. This power is so produced that it is used to perform a physical task. They are commonly found in low-power applications. And serves both domestic and industrial purposes.
- Third phase motor
This is a type of induction motor. It is one of the most commonly used AC motors in industrial pieces of equipment.
- Squirrel cage motor
The rotor in this motor has aluminum or copper conducting bars that are parallel to the shaft. The size and shape of the conductive bars affect torque and speed.
- Single-phase induction motor
This type of AC motor transforms electrical energy into mechanical energy to perform physical work. It requires a single power phase to operate.
- Shaded pole motor
It is a type of AC single-phase induction motor. The rotor is like a “squirrel cage.” The Shaded Pole has only one winding, unlike other AC motors. It does not require an external capacitor.
- DC Motor
A direct current motor is a class of machines that turns energy from unmediated current and turns it to mechanical energy. It was first developed in the 1830s.
A magnetic field arises in the air gap when the yield coil is provided with energy. The magnetic field enters the motor from the north pole side and exits from the south pole. The conductors present on the poles created opposing forces. This, in turn, creates torque that causes the armature to rotate.
They have a wide range of applications, from electric trimmers to automobiles. They are of two types:
- Self-Excited DC Motor
These industrial electric motors have armatures and field coils that are partially or partly connected in series. They can also be connected parallel or partly parallel. They have a single power source. There are two types of self-excited DC motors: Series DC motors and Shunt DC motors.
- Separately Excited DC Motor
As the name suggests, the armature and the field wings are supplied with electricity from two different sources. Here, the field current is constant.
Uses of electrical motors in heavy-duty machines
Industrial motors are used for multiple purposes, such as agriculture and marine. They are also used in mining processes, such as taking out oil and gas found below the Earth’s crust. Vibrator motors are also used in food and beverage production. These machines are also employed in the healthcare system and general industrial work. They are very efficient in difficult situations where employing manual labor is risky, for example, in mines.
Uses of induction motor
Induction motors are inexpensive because they require electromagnets in the stator and rotor to operate. They are also reliable because they do not need commutators to transmit current to the rotor, which mitigates the possibility of arcing frictional wear and tear.
Three-phase induction motors are often used for commercial and industrial purposes. They are self-starting and user-friendly. They are also ideal for higher-power applications.
Most industrial facilities use induction motors due to their desirable characteristics, such as reliability, simplicity, and affordability. Heavy-duty devices such as lifts, cranes, hoists, and other hoisting equipment use three-phase induction motors. Large-capacity exhaust fans and driving lathe machines also use this type of motor. Oil-extracting mills and textile industries are also dependent on vibrator motors.
Summing it up
Heavy equipment is designed to execute difficult tasks frequently involving extensive workloads. They need a robust motor to accomplish such arduous tasks. Head to the BMG website to shop for dependable and efficient industrial electric motors.
